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Luke 11
الصلاة
1 وَذَاتَ يَوْمٍ، كَانَ عِيسَى يُصَلِّي فِي مَكَانٍ مَا. فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى، قَالَ لَهُ وَاحِدٌ مِنْ تَلَامِيذِهِ: ”يَا سَيِّدُ، عَلِّمْنَا أَنْ نُصَلِّيَ كَمَا عَلَّمَ يَحْيَى تَلَامِيذَهُ.“ 2 فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: ”مَتَى صَلَّيْتُمْ قُولُوا: أَيُّهَا الْأَبُ،* لِيَتَقَدَّسِ اسْمُكَ. لِتَأْتِ مَمْلَكَتُكَ. 3 اُرْزُقْنَا كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مَا يَكْفِينَا مِنْ خُبْزٍ. 4 وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَا، كَمَا نُسَامِحُ نَحْنُ كُلَّ مَنْ يُخْطِئُ فِي حَقِّنَا. وَلَا تُدْخِلْنَا فِي مِحْنَةٍ، بَلْ أَنْقِذْنَا مِنَ الشِّرِّيرِ.“
Prayer
1 One day Isa was praying in a certain place. When he had finished, one of his disciples said to him, “Master, teach us to pray, just as Yahya taught his disciples.” 2 So he said to them, “When you pray, say: ‘Father,* may your name be revered as holy. May your Kingdom come. 3 Provide us each day with bread sufficient for us, 4 and forgive us our sins, as we ourselves forgive everyone who wrongs us. And do not bring us into a time of testing, but rather save us from the evil one.’”
5 ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ: ”لِنَفْرِضْ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ لَهُ صَدِيقٌ، فَيَأْتِي إِلَيْكَ فِي نِصْفِ اللَّيْلِ وَيَقُولُ لَكَ: ’يَا صَدِيقِي، أَقْرِضْنِي 3 أَرْغِفَةٍ. 6 لِأَنَّ صَدِيقًا فِي سَفَرٍ جَاءَنِي، وَلَيْسَ عِنْدِي مَا أُقَدِّمُهُ لَهُ.‘ 7 فَتَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الدَّاخِلِ وَتَقُولَ: ’لَا تُزْعِجْنِي! قَفَلْنَا الْبَابَ، وَأَنَا وَأَوْلَادِي فِي الْفِرَاشِ، لَا أَقْدِرُ أَنْ أَقُومَ وَأُعْطِيَكَ.‘ 8 أَقُولُ لَكُمْ، مَعَ أَنَّكَ لَا تَقُومُ وَتُعْطِيهِ عَلَى أَسَاسِ أَنَّهُ صَدِيقُكَ، لَكِنْ بِسَبَبِ إِلْحَاحِهِ تَقُومُ وَتُعْطِيهِ كُلَّ مَا يَحْتَاجُ إِلَيْهِ.
5 Then he said to them, “Let's suppose one of you has a friend, and he comes to you in the middle of the night and says to you, ‘My friend, lend me three loaves [of bread], 6 because a friend who is on a journey has come to me, and I have nothing to offer him.’ 7 And you answer him from inside and say, ‘Don't bother me! We have locked the door, and my children and I are in bed. I can't get up and give you [anything].’ 8 I tell you, even if you don't get up and give him [something] on the basis that he is your friend, yet because of his persistence, you will get up and give him all he needs.
9 ”فَأَقُولُ لَكُمْ: اِسْأَلُوا تُعْطَوْا، اُطْلُبُوا تَجِدُوا، اُطْرُقُوا عَلَى الْبَابِ يُفْتَحْ لَكُمْ. 10 لِأَنَّ كُلَّ مَنْ يَسْأَلُ يَنَالُ، وَمَنْ يَطْلُبُ يَجِدُ، وَمَنْ يَطْرُقُ عَلَى الْبَابِ يُفْتَحُ لَهُ. 11 مَنْ مِنْكُمْ أَيُّهَا الْآبَاءُ، إِذَا طَلَبَ ابْنُكَ مِنْكَ سَمَكَةً، تُعْطِيهِ حَيَّةً بَدَلَ السَّمَكَةِ؟ 12 أَوْ إِذَا طَلَبَ بَيْضَةً، تُعْطِيهِ عَقْرَبًا؟ 13 فَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ أَنْتُمُ الْأَشْرَارَ، تَعْرِفُونَ أَنْ تُعْطُوا عَطَايَا صَالِحَةً لِأَوْلَادِكُمْ، فَكَمْ بِالْأَوْلَى الْأَبُ السَّمَائِيُّ يُعْطِي الرُّوحَ الْقُدُّوسَ* لِلَّذِينَ يَطْلُبُونَ مِنْهُ!“
9 “So I say to you: Keep asking, and [Allah] will give to you; keep seeking, and you will find; keep knocking on the door, and it will be opened to you. 10 For everyone who asks, receives; and one who seeks, finds; [as for] one who knocks on the door, it will be opened to him. 11 Which of you fathers, if your child asked you for a fish, would give him a snake instead of the fish? 12 Or if he asked for an egg, would give him a scorpion? 13 So if you bad people know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will the heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit* to those who ask him!”
خطر الكفر بروح الله
14 وَكَانَ عِيسَى يَطْرُدُ شَيْطَانًا أَخْرَسَ. فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ الشَّيْطَانُ، تَكَلَّمَ الرَّجُلُ الْأَخْرَسُ، فَتَعَجَّبَ النَّاسُ. 15 لَكِنَّ بَعْضَهُمْ قَالَ: ”إِنَّهُ يَطْرُدُ الشَّيَاطِينَ بِوَاسِطَةِ بَعْلَزَبُولَ* رَئِيسِ الشَّيَاطِينِ.“ 16 وَطَلَبَ آخَرُونَ مِنْهُ آيَةً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ لِيَخْتَبِرُوهُ.
The Danger of Blaspheming the Spirit of Allah
14 Now Isa was expelling a mute demon. When the demon came out, the mute man spoke, and the people were amazed. 15 But some of them said, “He is expelling demons by means of Beelzebul,* the chief of the demons.” 16 Others demanded from him a sign from heaven, to test him.
17 فَعَرَفَ أَفْكَارَهُمْ وَقَالَ لَهُمْ: ”كُلُّ مَمْلَكَةٍ تَنْقَسِمُ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا تَخْرَبُ، وَكُلُّ عَائِلَةٍ تَنْقَسِمُ عَلَى نَفْسِهَا تَنْهَارُ. 18 فَإِنِ انْقَسَمَ الشَّيْطَانُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ، كَيْفَ تَصْمُدُ مَمْلَكَتُهُ؟ أَنْتُمْ تَقُولُونَ إِنِّي أَطْرُدُ الشَّيَاطِينَ بِوَاسِطَةِ بَعْلَزَبُولَ، 19 فَإِنْ كُنْتُ أَنَا أَطْرُدُ الشَّيَاطِينَ بِوَاسِطَةِ بَعْلَزَبُولَ، فَبِوَاسِطَةِ مَنْ يَطْرُدُهُمْ أَتْبَاعُكُمْ؟* لِذَلِكَ هُمْ يَحْكُمُونَ عَلَيْكُمْ. 20 لَكِنْ إِنْ كُنْتُ بِإِصْبَعِ اللهِ* أَطْرُدُ الشَّيَاطِينَ، فَمَعْنَى هَذَا أَنَّ مَمْلَكَةَ اللهِ جَاءَتْ إِلَيْكُمْ.
17 He knew their thoughts, so he said to them, “Every kingdom divided against itself comes to ruin, and every family divided against itself breaks down. 18 So, if Satan is divided against himself, how can his kingdom last? You say I expel demons by means of Beelzebul. 19 If I have been expelling demons by means of Beelzebul, by means of whom do your followers* expel them? Therefore, they themselves will judge you. 20 But if it is by the Finger of Allah* that I have been expelling demons, this means that the Kingdom of Allah has come to you.
21 ”عِنْدَمَا يَحْرُسُ الرَّجُلُ الْقَوِيُّ الْمُسَلَّحُ دَارَهُ، تَكُونُ أَمْلَاكُهُ فِي أَمَانٍ. 22 لَكِنْ إِذَا هَجَمَ عَلَيْهِ وَاحِدٌ أَقْوَى مِنْهُ وَغَلَبَهُ، فَإِنَّهُ يَأْخُذُ مِنْهُ سِلَاحَهُ الَّذِي يَتَّكِلُ عَلَيْهِ، وَيُوَزِّعُ الْغَنِيمَةَ. 23 مَنْ لَيْسَ مَعِي فَهُوَ عَلَيَّ، وَمَنْ لَا يَجْمَعُ مَعِي فَهُوَ يُفَرِّقُ.
21 “When a strong, armed man guards his home, his possessions are safe. 22 But if someone stronger than him attacks him and overpowers him, [the stronger man] will take from him his weaponry and armor, on which he had been relying, and will distribute the spoils. 23 Anyone who is not with me is against me, and anyone who is not gathering with me is scattering.
خطر الفراغ الروحي
24 ”مَتَى خَرَجَ الرُّوحُ الشِّرِّيرُ مِنْ إِنْسَانٍ، يَذْهَبُ إِلَى أَمَاكِنَ مَهْجُورَةٍ بَحْثًا عَنِ الرَّاحَةِ، فَلَا يَجِدُهَا. فَيَقُولُ: ’أَرْجِعُ إِلَى بَيْتِيَ الَّذِي خَرَجْتُ مِنْهُ.‘ 25 فَيَأْتِي وَيَجِدُهُ نَظِيفًا وَمُرَتَّبًا، 26 فَيَذْهَبُ وَيُحْضِرُ مَعَهُ 7 أَرْوَاحٍ أُخْرَى أَكْثَرَ مِنْهُ شَرًّا. فَتَدْخُلُ الْأَرْوَاحُ، وَتَسْكُنُ هُنَاكَ، فَتَكُونُ حَالَةُ ذَلِكَ الْإِنْسَانِ الْأَخِيرَةُ أَسْوَأَ مِنْ حَالَتِهِ الْأُولَى.“
The Danger of Spiritual Emptiness
24 “When an evil spirit has come out of a person, it goes into desolate places, searching for rest, but does not find it. So it says, ‘I will return to my home, which I came out of.’ 25 Then it comes and finds it clean and orderly. 26 So it goes and brings along seven other spirits more evil than itself. The spirits enter [the person] and live there. So that person's final condition is worse than his initial condition.”
الهناء الحقيقي
27 وَبَيْنَمَا عِيسَى يَقُولُ هَذَا، رَفَعَتْ سَيِّدَةٌ مِنَ الْجُمْهُورِ صَوْتَهَا وَقَالَتْ لَهُ: ”هَنِيئًا لِأُمِّكَ الَّتِي وَلَدَتْكَ وَأَرْضَعَتْكَ.“ 28 فَقَالَ: ”بَلْ هَنِيئًا لِمَنْ يَسْمَعُونَ كَلَامَ اللهِ وَيَعْمَلُونَ بِهِ.“
True Happiness
27 As Isa was saying this, a lady in the crowd raised her voice and said to him, “How fortunate is your mother, who gave birth to you and nursed you!” 28 He replied, “More than that, how fortunate are those who listen to Allah's word and act on it.”
آية النبي يونس
29 وَلَمَّا ازْدَحَمَ الْجُمْهُورُ، أَخَذَ يَقُولُ: ”هَذَا شَعْبٌ شِرِّيرٌ، وَهُوَ يَطْلُبُ آيَةً، وَلَنْ يُعْطَى آيَةً غَيْرَ آيَةِ يُونِسَ.* 30 فَكَمَا كَانَ يُونِسُ آيَةً لِأَهْلِ مَدِينَةِ نِينَوَى، كَذَلِكَ يَكُونُ الَّذِي صَارَ بَشَرًا لِهَذَا الشَّعْبِ.* 31 سَتَقُومُ مَلِكَةُ الْجَنُوبِ* فِي يَوْمِ الدِّينِ مَعَ أَهْلِ هَذَا الْجِيلِ وَتَحْكُمُ عَلَيْهِمْ، لِأَنَّهَا جَاءَتْ مِنْ آخِرِ الْأَرْضِ لِتَسْمَعَ حِكْمَةَ سُلَيْمَانَ، وَهُنَا أَعْظَمُ مِنْ سُلَيْمَانَ. 32 وَسَيَقُومُ أَهْلُ مَدِينَةِ نِينَوَى فِي يَوْمِ الدِّينِ مَعَ هَذَا الْجِيلِ وَيَحْكُمُونَ عَلَيْهِ، لِأَنَّ أَهْلَ نِينَوَى تَابُوا لَمَّا أَنْذَرَهُمْ يُونِسُ، وَهُنَا أَعْظَمُ مِنْ يُونِسَ.
The Sign of the Prophet Yunus
29 As the crowd became more dense, he began saying, “This is an evil group of people who are seeking a miraculous sign. They will not be given a sign other than the sign of Yunus.* 30 Just as Yunus was a sign to the people of the city of Nineveh, in the same way the One Who Became Man will be [a sign] to this people.* 31 The Queen of the South* will rise up on the Day of Judgment along with the people of this generation and condemn them, because she came from the end of the earth to hear the wisdom of Sulayman, and here is [someone] greater than Sulayman. 32 And the people of the city of Nineveh will rise up on the Day of Judgment along with this generation and condemn them, because the people of Nineveh repented when Yunus warned them, and here is [someone] greater than Yunus.
33 ”لَا أَحَدَ يُشْعِلُ الْمِصْبَاحَ ثُمَّ يَضَعُهُ فِي مَخْبَأٍ أَوْ تَحْتَ وِعَاءٍ! بَلْ يَضَعُهُ عَلَى حَامِلٍ لِكَيْ يَرَى الدَّاخِلُونَ النُّورَ. 34 عَيْنُكَ هِيَ مِصْبَاحُ جِسْمِكَ. إِنْ كَانَتْ عَيْنُكَ سَلِيمَةً، يَكُونُ جِسْمُكَ كُلُّهُ مُنَوَّرًا. وَإِنْ كَانَتْ رَدِيئَةً، يَكُونُ جِسْمُكَ مُظْلِمًا. 35 إِذَنِ انْتَبِهْ، لِئَلَّا يَكُونَ النُّورُ الَّذِي فِيكَ ظَلَامًا! 36 فَإِنْ كَانَ جِسْمُكَ كُلُّهُ مُنَوَّرًا، وَلَيْسَ فِيهِ أَيُّ جُزْءٍ مُظْلِمٍ، فَهُوَ يُنَوِّرُ بِكَامِلِهِ كَمَا يُشِعُّ عَلَيْكَ مِصْبَاحٌ بِنُورِهِ.“
33 “No one lights a lamp and then puts it in a hidden place or under a container! Instead, he puts it on a stand, so that those entering will see the light. 34 Your eye is the lamp of your body. If your eye is healthy, then your whole body will be illuminated. If it's bad, then your body will be in the dark. 35 Therefore take care that the light which is in you is not [actually] darkness! 36 If your whole body is illuminated and has no dark part in it, then it will illuminate in full, as though a lamp were shining on you with its light.”
قادة الدين ونفاقهم
37 وَلَمَّا انْتَهَى مِنَ الْكَلَامِ، دَعَاهُ وَاحِدٌ فَرِّيسِيٌّ لِيَأْكُلَ عِنْدَهُ. فَدَخَلَ وَجَلَسَ إِلَى الْمَائِدَةِ. 38 فَلَمَّا رَأَى الْفَرِّيسِيُّ ذَلِكَ، اِنْدَهَشَ لِأَنَّ عِيسَى لَمْ يَغْتَسِلْ قَبْلَ الْأَكْلِ.* 39 فَقَالَ لَهُ مَوْلَانَا عِيسَى: ”أَنْتُمُ الْفَرِّيسِيِّونَ تُنَظِّفُونَ الْكَأْسَ وَالصَّحْنَ مِنَ الْخَارِجِ، وَلَكِنَّكُمْ مِنَ الدَّاخِلِ مَمْلُوءُونَ مِنَ النَّهْبِ وَالْفَسَادِ. 40 يَا أَغْبِيَاءُ! أَلَيْسَ الَّذِي صَنَعَ الْخَارِجَ صَنَعَ الدَّاخِلَ أَيْضًا؟ 41 أَعْطُوا مِمَّا فِي الدَّاخِلِ* صَدَقَةً، فَيَكُونَ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ نَقِيًّا لَكُمْ.
The Religious Leaders and Their Hypocrisy
37 As [Isa] finished speaking, a Pharisee invited him to eat at his place. So he went in and sat down at the dinner table. 38 When the Pharisee saw this, he was surprised, because Isa had not washed before the meal.* 39 Then Maulana Isa said to him, “You Pharisees clean the cup and the dish on the outside, but on the inside you are full of greed and corruption. 40 You foolish people! Didn't the One who made the outside make the inside as well? 41 Give from what is within* as charity, and everything will be clean for you.
42 يَا وَيْلَكُمْ أَيُّهَا الْفَرِّيسِيُّونَ! فَإِنَّكُمْ تُعْطُونَ للهِ الْعُشْرَ مِنَ النَّعْنَاعِ وَالسَّذَّابِ وَكُلِّ الْأَعْشَابِ، وَتُهْمِلُونَ الْعَدْلَ وَمَحَبَّةَ اللهِ. كَانَ يَجِبُ أَنْ تُمَارِسُوا هَذِهِ الْأُمُورَ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ تُهْمِلُوا إِعْطَاءَ الْعُشْرِ.* 43 يَا وَيْلَكُمْ أَيُّهَا الْفَرِّيسِيُّونَ! فَإِنَّكُمْ تُحِبُّونَ أَنْ تَكُونُوا فِي الصَّفِّ الْأَمَامِيِّ فِي بَيْتِ الْعِبَادَةِ، وَأَنْ يُسَلِّمَ عَلَيْكُمُ النَّاسُ فِي السَّاحَاتِ الْعَامَّةِ. 44 يَا وَيْلَكُمْ! فَإِنَّكُمْ مِثْلُ الْقُبُورِ الْمَخْفِيَّةِ، يَمْشِي عَلَيْهَا النَّاسُ وَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ.“*
42 How terrible it will be for you Pharisees! For you give to Allah a tenth of [your] mint, rue, and all [other] herbs, yet you neglect justice and the love of Allah. You should have been practicing these things without neglecting to give the tenth.* 43 How terrible it will be for you Pharisees! For you love to be in the front row of the house of worship and [to have] people greet you in the public squares. 44 How terrible it will be for you! For you are like hidden graves, which people walk over without knowing [it].”*
45 فَقَالَ لَهُ وَاحِدٌ مِنْ عُلَمَاءِ الشَّرِيعَةِ: ”يَا مُعَلِّمُ! عِنْدَمَا تَقُولُ هَذَا فَأَنْتَ تَشْتِمُنَا نَحْنُ أَيْضًا.“ 46 فَقَالَ: ”وَأَنْتُمْ أَيْضًا يَا عُلَمَاءَ الشَّرِيعَةِ، يَا وَيْلَكُمْ! فَأَنْتُمْ تُحَمِّلُونَ النَّاسَ بِأَحْمَالٍ ثَقِيلَةٍ، وَلَا تُحَرِّكُونَ وَلَوْ إِصْبَعًا لِتُسَاعِدُوهُمْ. 47 يَا وَيْلَكُمْ! فَإِنَّكُمْ تَبْنُونَ *قُبُورَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ، وَآبَاؤُكُمْ هُمُ الَّذِينَ قَتَلُوهُمْ. 48 أَنْتُمْ إِذَنْ تَعْتَرِفُونَ بِأَنَّكُمْ تُوَافِقُونَ عَلَى أَعْمَالِ آبَائِكُمْ، هُمْ قَتَلُوهُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ تَبْنُونَ قُبُورَهُمْ. 49 لِهَذَا قَالَ اللهُ فِي حِكْمَتِهِ: ’أُرْسِلُ لَهُمُ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ وَالرُّسُلَ، فَفَرِيقًا يَقْتُلُونَ، وَفَرِيقًا يَضْطَهِدُونَ.‘
45 One of the experts in religious law said to him, “Teacher! When you say this, you insult us as well.” 46 [Isa] said, “You as well, you experts in religious law: How terrible it will be for you! For you yourselves burden people with heavy loads, and you do not move even a finger to help them. 47 How terrible it will be for you! For you build the tombs of the prophets, and your forefathers are the ones who killed them. 48 You therefore admit that you agree with the actions of your forefathers: They killed them, and you build their tombs. 49 This is why Allah in his wisdom said, ‘I will send prophets and apostles to them; some they will kill, and some they will persecute.’
50 لِذَلِكَ يَكُونُ هَذَا الْجِيلُ مَسْؤولًا عَنْ دَمِ كُلِّ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ الَّذِي سُفِكَ مُنْذُ بِدَايَةِ الْعَالَمِ، 51 مِنْ دَمِ هَابِيلَ إِلَى دَمِ زَكَرِيَّا الَّذِي قُتِلَ بَيْنَ مَنَصَّةِ الْقُرْبَانِ وَبَيْتِ اللهِ. نَعَمْ، أُؤَكِّدُ لَكُمْ، هَذَا الْجِيلُ يَكُونُ مَسْؤولًا عَنْ كُلِّ هَذَا. 52 يَا وَيْلَكُمْ يَا عُلَمَاءَ الشَّرِيعَةِ! لِأَنَّكُمْ أَخَذْتُمْ مِفْتَاحَ بَابِ الْمَعْرِفَةِ، لَكِنَّكُمْ لَمْ تَدْخُلُوا، وَمَنَعْتُمُ الدَّاخِلِينَ مِنْ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا.“
50 Therefore this generation will be [held] responsible for the blood of all the prophets that has been shed since the beginning of the world, 51 from the blood of Habil to the blood of Zakariya, who was killed between the altar and the Temple. Yes, I assure you, this generation will be [held] responsible for all this. 52 How terrible it will be for you, you experts in religious law! For you have taken the key of the door to knowledge, but you have not entered, and you have prevented those who were entering from going in.”
53 وَلَمَّا خَرَجَ مِنْ هُنَاكَ، بَدَأَ *الْفُقَهَاءُ وَالْفَرِّيسِيُّونَ يُهَاجِمُونَهُ بِشِدَّةٍ، وَيَسْأَلُونَهُ عَنْ أُمُورٍ كَثِيرَةٍ، 54 مُنْتَظِرِينَ أَنْ يُوقِعُوهُ فِي شَيْءٍ يَقُولُهُ.
53 When he came out from there, the religious scholars and the Pharisees began to attack him harshly by questioning him about many matters, 54 hoping to trip him up in something he might say.
*11:2 الْأَبُ: أي الله، من حيث رعايته ولطفه بشعبه. في التوراة والمزامير والأنبياء، يصف الله علاقته بشعبه كعلاقة أبٍ يهتم بأبنائه. (أي أنَّ الله هو وليّهم وربّهم الرحمن وأنهم عِياله). على عكس الكلمة العربيّة «أب»، فإن كلمة أب في اللغات الأوربيّة لا تقتصر في معناها على العلاقات البيولوجيّة، ولكن يمكن استخدامها للدلالة على الأب الشرعيّ للشخص (الوليّ) أو رب العائلة (رب البيت)، حتّى ولو لم يكن الأب البيولوجيّ. وقد كان بعض اليهود والمسيحيين العرب قديمًا يستخدمون كلمة «الرحمن» للدلالة على الله باعتباره أباهم السماويّ لا باعتباره والدًا لهم. انظر العائلة في مسرد المصطلحات.
*11:2 Father: Allah, in respect to his paternal care for his people. In the Taurat, Psalms, and Prophets, Allah describes his relationship to his people in terms of a father who cares for his children. (أي أن الله هو وليهم وربهم الرحمن وهم عياله). Unlike the Arabic word أب ab, the English word father is not limited in meaning to biological relationships but can be used for one's legal parent (الولي) or the head of one's household (رب البيت), even if they are not one's biological father. Some of the ancient Arab Jews and Christians used the word الرحمن al-rahman for Allah as their heavenly father rather than الأب al-ab. See family in the glossary.
*11:13 the Holy Spirit: the personal presence and power of Allah himself, through whom he guides people and empowers them to live according to his will. Prior to this, Allah had given his Holy Spirit to prophets, but here the Messiah tells his disciples that Allah will give the Holy Spirit to them as well if they ask.
*11:38 يَغْتَسِلْ: وفقًا لتقاليد الفريسيين، كان الشخص المتديّن يتنجّس طقسيًّا إذا تلامس مع أشياء معيّنة. من ضمن هذه الأشياء الوجود في السوق أو الساحة العامة، أو مس جثة ميّت أو قبر أو أبرص أو شخص غير مؤمنين. وفقًا لهذا التقليد، يجب أن يتغطّس في مياه نظيفة ليتطهّر قبل تناول وجبة الطعام. لذا توقَّع الفريسيون أن يغتسل عيسى بهذه الطريقة، لأنَّه كان يخالط الناس في الساحات العامة. أما بالنسبة إلى الشخص الطاهر الذي لم يتدنَّس، فقد كان من المتوقَّع أن يغسل يديه بطريقة محدَّدة قبل الأكل. هذه قواعد لم تفرضها التوراة بل هي تقاليد دينية.
*11:38 washed: According to the traditions of the Pharisees, if a godly person came into contact with certain things, they defiled him and made him ritually unclean. These included being in a market or public square, or having contact with a dead body, a grave, a leper, or unbelievers. According to this tradition, he must immerse himself in clean water to become clean before he can eat a meal. So the Pharisees expected Isa to bathe in this way, since he had been mixing with people in the public streets. As for someone who was not defiled and was ritually clean, he was expected simply to wash his hands in a prescribed manner before eating. These rules are not in the Taurat but were religious traditions.
